Prescott National Forest in crisis : AZ IMC

Looking out over the hills surrounding Prescott lately, one is surrounded by images reminscent of a fall in New England - the deep greens turning to brown for the winter. But wait - the Prescott National Forest is predominantly comprised of Ponderosa Pines. It's not that the leaves are changing for the fall - it's that the trees are dying.

For over two years the southwest has experienced extreme drought and as a result the Ponderosa forests that surround Prescott are undergoing an Ips beetle epidemic and an increasing risk of fire.

Ips bark beetles that carry a blue fungus are fatal to trees. A lack of water and increased competition has decreased the trees' ability to defend themselves from the beetles. Due to drought and the inability of the trees to produce chemical repellant and sap, live trees are now being attacked on a massive scale by the Ips.

To combat the beetles and fire, the Forest Service has recently begun a thinning and clearing project in Prescott National Forest (PNF). There is currently no timber industry in the Southwest and much of the timber is being exported to California.

Said Ian Fox, of the US Forest Service "One of my primary goals is to help bring [the timber industry] back so that we can maintain a healthy ecosystem _ through the industry we can maintain a healthy forest."

Fox said the PNF has "75,000 acres in some way impacted by Ips and drought." Fox estimates half a million dead trees in the PNF, which does not include trees recently infected by the beetles. According to the US Forest Service, some 50-70 percent of PNF trees have already been lost, and if the cycle continues, the forest may see a loss of 80-100 percent of its trees.

Unless rain and winter snow accumulation returns, next years summer could see approximately 90 percent of the trees in the forest dead. With so little canopy cover, the soil will be exposed to extremely dangerous levels of sun, heat, and erosion, possibly limiting any future growth.

"If you're not doing something on a large scale you're not going to be able to do anything" said Fox in reference to the Forest Service's response to this crisis.

However, Brian Bird (of Santa Fe's Forest Conservation Council), in reference to 1995 Salvage Rider and Bush's proposed Healthy Forest Initiative, said "I think they are using the SW as an experiment for how quickly they can get in and salvage."

Past and present clear cutting techniques including commercial thinning practices are known to be detrimental to the health of a forest.

Forest Service attempts to correct the forest will most likely damage it even more. The Forest Service is thinning where trees have grown in dense conditions, and therefore trees may now be subject to increased blow down by wind and storms when southwest seasonal monsoons do return. Heavy machinery causes soil compaction, which reduces the soil's ability to maintain water. Live trees may be exposed to more harsh conditions, accelerated flash floods and runoff effects.

To complicate matters, human interference is responsible for the unstable state of the forest today.

Healthy Ponderosa Pine forests normally consist of single and small groups of trees interspersed with meadows. In a native setting one would historically see only 17-20 large trees per acre plus an assortment of smaller trees, according to the Forest Service.

Bark beetles naturally live in the forest and play a vital part in healthy forests. They break down and accelerate decomposition of downed or standing snags, thus returning nutrients and water absorbing material back into the Earth.

Under normal circumstances, low intensity fire acts to maintain open areas and stabilize the forests. However, the PNF is far from its natural state.

Around 1900, much of the PNF was clear-cut and reseeded for timber products. May of 1919 was an unusually wet season and there was an extremely high germination rate of Ponderosa Pines. Fire suppression allowed these seedlings to grow and encroach into native forest meadowlands.

PNF is currently very dense ranging from 200-600 trees per acre with predominately 90 year old single species trees. Due to overcrowding trees must compete for available nutrients and water, thus intensifying the drought effects.

In addition to the Ips beetle epidemic, fires caused by human actions as well as lightning have been fast to burn in areas of dead, dry trees. Many in the Prescott area remember last summer's so-called "Indian fire", which within 6 hours of starting spread to over 5,000 acres and threatened the city. Due to fire suppression and litter accumulation, the forest now burns at unnaturally hot levels, killing many mature trees in its way.

As for the many standing dead snags -torches waiting for flames to fuel dangerously hot fires- the forest service may have to remove them in order to protect the live trees. However, some snags need to be left in order to provide critical habitat for many nesting cavity birds including endangered indicator management species such as the Mexican Spotted Owl. Some dead standing snags should also be left intact with the aim of eventually recycling nutrients and moisture absorbing material back into the ground.

The Prescott National Forest is undergoing a crisis. In the chaos of the Ips epidemic nature may only be trying to regain control and mend her self. The past few weeks have seen this season's first heavy rain and cloudy skies allowing for moisture retention. If the rains keep up and if we see our winter snows, those trees still alive may regain the power of their natural defenses. The forest may return to its once native and healthy state.

If the drought continues into another year, it is likely we will lose the Prescott National Forest as we know it forever.

For more information on the PNF crisis and other things going on in the Prescott area visit the Raven Review - the Prescott area's only independent newspaper

This story was written by Lisa and edited by Geoff (Northern Arizona IMC Publishing Collective

Our sacred land of Maxan Lake and territory, is in much the same situation, with regards to the beetle infestations. The weather conditions have changed drastically, in the last twenty years. With all the clear cut logging, of one of the last few remaining watersheds of the world, this has caused so many problems, with the weather, the water, the animals and the birds. The fish is also going extinct. As farmed fish, is trying to rule the coast of British Columbia, with sea lice. Wild fish are showing up with huge sores, on the bodies, and around the gills. In the interior, the beetle infestation, has taken over most of the watershed. The dryer weather than usual, is the cause of the massive beetles infestation. Also, in the interior, there was a huge field, that was taken over by, a huge spider web, there was so much spiders, that some died in the spun web, and the web itself was over one foot thick. This has never happened before, and it is a very phenominal thing, to happen. There are also so many new diseases, popping up, and there are no cures for some of the sicknesses. This is the only unceded province in Canada, as we have no treatys, so the so called treaty chiefs, who are only the right hand of the governments, are making illegal treaty, with lands that do not belong to them. Making these treatys, is only to take the resources off of our sacred lands. After the multinational corporations, have already destroyed the lands, they want to make a treaty, out of the scraps, that is left over, after they have already taken everything. It is these scraps, that the treaty chiefs, are stealing and taking by force, mainly our traplines as the true Indigenous people, of this unceded, sacred lands. Water is life, and we need to protect it with our life, as it depends on water to live. Meci Cho, telquaa.

THIS IS ABOUT YOUR ARTICLE ON JAIL OVERCROWDING, IT IS NOT ONLY THE COUNTY JAIL, IT IS ALSO THE PRISONS. I KNOW AS I HAVE HAD A SON, WHO JUST GOT RELEASES, AND A SON-IN-LAW, AND MY OL' MAN IN IN THE PRISON SYSTEM. IT IS IDIOTIC THE WAY THE RUN THE PRISONS, WHAT DO OUR STATE TAXES PAY FOR? THEY HAVE TO PAY FOR THEIR UTILITIES NOW PLUS THERE IS NO WORK FOR THEM TO SUPPORT THEMSELVES. THEY TALK ABOUT CUTTING THE TIME DOWN FROM 85% TO 65% BUT YOU HAVE TO HAVE $3,00 TO PAY FOR A HALF WAY HOUSE. THE GUYS WHO HAVE STAYED OUT OF TROUBLE SHOULD GET SOME KIND OF A BREAK, BUT NO, THE GOVERNOR WANTS TO KEEP COLLECTING MONEY FROM US TAX PAYER TO PAY FOR OTHER STUPID THINGS. JUST LIKE THE LOTTO, IT WAS SUPPOSE TO SUPPORT THE SCHOOL DISTRICTS, BIG FRICKIN' JOKE. IT'S JUST MONEY IN THE STATES POCKET TO DO WITH AS THEY WISH, WHICH WILL BE IN THEIR FAVOR, LIKE RAISES FOR THEIR DUMB ASS. I'M SORRY FOR THE PROFANITY, BUT THIS IS A VERY SORE SUBJECT.
YOU HAVE PEOPLE LOCKED UP FOR MURDER WHO ARE ONLY DOING LIKE SIX YEARS, THEN YOU'VE GOT GUYS WHO DID LESS AND THEY ARE DOING 15-17 YEARS. WHERE THE HELL IS THE JUSTICE IN THIS STATE? THE TRUTH, THERE IS NO JUSTICE.
PLEASE FOLLOW UP ON THIS STORY, BUT ONLY YOU NEED TO GO TO THE PRISONS.

To see the forest die off is unacceptable, it is a once in a lifetime experience that we are cursed to observe. Simply, we are limited as to what to do.

From what i heard from loggers in other states is that arizona is not cooperating as well as other states in the overall operation.

Granted Az. is a backwater state, work for hire mentality which naturally weeds out most contractors because of the $$$ or lack thereof.

Trees standing dead, millions strong. let's break out the federal $$$ and cut these trees now! PR>

THE US government pushed on to finish a plan to buy direct stakes in American banks as finance ministers from around the world struggled to find ways to stop the deepening financial crisis and shore up markets.Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said the US government would buy shares of financial institutions if necessary to halt market turmoil that has wiped out trillions of dollars of wealth and threatens to throw the global economy into major recession."We're going to do it as we can do it in a proper way that will be effective.wow gold wow gold wow gold age of conan gold age of conan gold age of conan gold aoc gold aoc gold aoc gold wow gold Trust me, we're not wasting time, we're working around the clock," Mr Paulson said late on Friday after a meeting of finance ministers from the Group of Seven rich countries in Washington.The G7 vowed to take all necessary steps to unfreeze credit markets and ensure banks can raise money, but offered no collective course of action to solve the 14-month-old debt crisis, which has worsened dramatically in recent weeks.

禁煙　江原道化粧品お試しセット　トリニティーライン　ブロードイオン　通販　ウィ　アピシア　三七石鹸　ナノアクアナチュラルソープ　オフィス家具通販　リバイタラッシュ　ベアミネラル:baremineral　アンプルール　アスタリフト　茶のしずくお試しセット　アムラエッセンス　レディースプエラリア　レディースプエラリア　ムチャチャ　グラグラ　二重まぶたにする(なる）方法　セルブライト　セルブライト　リバイタラッシュ　フェブリナ(フェヴリナ）ジェルパック　まつげエクステ「アイラッシュ」通販　アイホーン　茶のしずく石鹸　茶のしずく石鹸　吉野家　牛丼通販　即日発行　クレジットカード　クレジットカード　即日発行　皇潤　皇潤　皇潤　皇潤　ベトナム株の口座開設　酸素カプセル　カルジェルナビ　スパリゾート　加圧トレーニング　オーベルジュ　ダイエット食品　通販　外反母趾の予防と矯正ミニガイド　 H＆M（へネス＆モーリッツ）ミニガイド　Ｏ脚の改善と矯正ミニガイド　電動自転車ミニガイド　フーレセラピーミニガイド　シロアリ対策ミニガイド　鈴虫寺　カルニチンクイーン　カルニチンクイーン　にんにく注射　質屋　大阪　質屋　東京　質屋　名古屋　借金相談　別れ方　湯たんぽ　トモセラピー　歯並び矯正　アートメイク　日焼けサロン　超音波エクステ　 TOIEC　勉強法　借金　無料相談　ベランダ　ハト対策　黒鯛の釣り方　少年野球　ピッチング指導法　スノボー（スノーボード）の滑り方　薄毛対策･抜け毛対策　やずやの香酢　フーディア　アルジルリン　化粧品お試しセット　 EGF化粧品パソアパソ　アスタキュア　皇潤　ビーグレン(ビバリーグレン）:b-glen

ローバーバッテリーランドローバーバッテリープジョーバッテリーサーブバッテリーアルファロメオバッテリーアウディバッテリーフォルクスワーゲンバッテリースマートバッテリーミニバッテリー AMG バッテリージャガーバッテリー MG バッテリーダイムラーバッテリーアストンマーティンバッテリーモーガンバッテリーマイバッハバッテリーシボレーバッテリークライスラーバッテリーフォードバッテリーキャデラックバッテリーダッジバッテリーリンカーンバッテリーマーキュリーバッテリージープバッテリーハマーバッテリーフェラーリバッテリーマセラティバッテリーランボルギーニバッテリーフィアットバッテリーシトロエンバッテリールノーバッテリーボルボバッテリーヒュンダイバッテリー

アルファード査定ビアンテ査定インサイト査定カローラ査定クラウン査定キューブ査定デミオ査定エルグランド査定エリシオン査定エスティマ査定エスティマハイブリッド査定フィット査定フリード査定ハリアー査定レガシィ査定マーチ査定マークX 査定ノア査定ノート査定オデッセイ査定パッソ査定プリウス査定ラクティス査定セレナ査定シエンタ査定ステップワゴン査定ストリーム査定スイフト査定ティーダ査定ヴァンガード査定ヴェルファイア査定ヴィッツ査定ヴォクシー査定ウィッシュ査定 bB 査定

do the ranchers who use the public lands still drag anchor chain between two cats to pull trees down for cattle grazing? Do the mega land holders who use public highway funds to provide their private driveways and guard block houses to their Estates still enjoy the privilege only wealth will provide?
Every god damn wantabe land Lord wants a stupid black felt 'cowboy' hat, their 4x4 on credit and an all hat, no cattle attitude and understanding of why everything serves the greedy hands pulling unseen strings.
Only active, aggressive and clever resistance will change any damn thing. Find out where they live and git in their face if you want something like saving a national treasure and resource.

it would be nice to visit you. show us what you got.

where do I get a ticket for?

I guess that the huge base of the model dissertation about this post is at the thesis writing service. Thus, there’re no complications to go to buy dissertation service and buy a thesis.